A NOR gate performs an inclusive OR operation followed by an inversion. Its output is driven high if and only if every input is low; if any input is pulled high, the output goes low. Along with the NAND gate, it is a universal logic gate, meaning any digital circuit can be constructed entirely from NOR gates.
Tie the two inputs of that NOR gate together and you can use it as a simple inverter.
Related terms
OR gate
A basic digital logic gate that outputs high if any of its inputs are high.
NOT gate
A digital logic gate that outputs the inverse of its input state.
NAND gate
A fundamental digital logic gate that outputs low only when all its inputs are high.
Universal logic gate
A logic gate type that can be combined to reproduce any other boolean logic function.