A standard differential mechanism that splits engine torque equally between two wheels but allows them to rotate independently. While it prevents tire scrubbing during turns, it has a major drawback in low-traction conditions: torque follows the path of least resistance, causing the wheel with the least grip to spin helplessly while the wheel with traction receives no power.
You'll get stuck in the mud easily with an open differential since all the power just goes to the slipping wheel.
Also heard as
- open diff
Do not mix it up with
- Limited-slip differential: An open differential sends power to the slipping wheel, whereas a limited-slip differential transfers power to the wheel with traction.
Related terms
Limited-slip differential
A differential that transfers torque to the wheel with the most traction to prevent wheelspin.
Locking differential
An axle mechanism that mechanically binds the left and right wheels together to spin at identical speeds.
Diff
The gear assembly that allows driven wheels to rotate at different speeds during a turn.