A reference framework provides a standardized starting point for measuring positions on the surface of the Earth. Vertical systems define zero elevation, often based on mean sea level or a specific ellipsoid, while horizontal systems define the coordinate grid. Using the correct reference system is essential because mixing them up will shift property lines or elevations by several feet or more.
Heard on the job
Make sure the data collector is set to NAD83 for the horizontal datum before you start staking those property corners.
Insider tip
The most common rookie mistake is collecting field data in one datum and importing it into a CAD drawing set to another, causing the entire survey to shift.