Cp
Cp turns up in 2 fields: statistics, building. Here is what it means to the people in each one.
Cp in statistics
Process capability ratio: the specification width divided by six process standard deviations, ignoring centering.
Process capability ratio, (USL minus LSL) divided by 6 times the short-term standard deviation. A Cp of 1.0 means the natural 6 sigma spread exactly fills the tolerance, about 2,700 ppm out of spec even when perfectly centered; 1.33 means the tolerance holds 8 sigma. Because Cp ignores where the mean sits, it shows potential capability: what the process could achieve if the mean were put on target.
"Cp is 2.1 but Cpk is 0.9, so the spread is fine. It's running off center, retarget it and you're done."
CP in building
A contract package grouping specific scopes of work for bidding and execution.
A contract package is a distinct bundle of work scopes, materials, and services separated out from a larger construction project. General contractors divide megaprojects into manageable CPs to assign them to specialized subcontractors, ensuring clearer accountability and easier progress tracking.
"The mechanical and plumbing scopes are bundled into CP-4, which goes out for bid next Tuesday."